VISUAL DICTIONARY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN ... DESIGN ... excerpts of the book bearing the same title ...
HAND: Creating text and images manually. The drawing or writing by hand is a means of adding a natural closeness to a design.
POLISH: A method for color printing that results in a denser and deeper black.
ACCENTS: Range of diacritics indicating that the sound of a letter was changed during the pronunciation. although some languages \u200b\u200bhave no accents, like English, these are very common in languages \u200b\u200blike English, French, German, Portuguese and Slavic languages.
LINK: Kerning is the link or manual or automatic approach two characters between them, so that their profiles adjacent dock and thereby avoid the visual impression that there is more space than normal between them. The coupling is used in conjunction with the kerning. Æ
: Latin Alphabet formed by ligation of the letter "a" and "e". In modern English is not used, but in other languages \u200b\u200bsuch as English, Norwegian, Danish or Icelandic. Most sources tend to include this letter.
ALIGNMENT: Positioning the text in relation to the text block or area in which this content. In the horizontal plane text can be aligned to the left, right, center, justified or forced.
adjacent text ALIGNMENT: Medium through which the texts of different sizes are aligned to the grid base,
X HEIGHT: Height of lower case letters without bar up (like x) from a particular source measured by the distance between the baseline and the midline.
ANALOGY: A comparison between two things done in order to explain or clarify. Often refers to the surreal apparently impossible to add emphasis. The success of an analogy implicit in design depends on the ability of the target audience to interpret exactly what is analogy. Analogies often use a common vernacular usage.
ANATOMY OF THE POINT: The entire set of terms that include the study dimensional form of a proportional font. Attempt or terminal, apex, bar, foot, cable car, or belly ring are some of them. ANTIQUE
: Term used to describe auctions sources close to the square of thickness of the antlers and little variation in thickness of the stroke. Sometimes mistakenly used the term to describe Antique also some sources without end. FRONT
AND BACK: When you look at the pages of an open book, the front page is the right and back left. These terms come from the Latin "anteversus" means right and "reversus" which means to return, return.
Landscape: Text rotated 90 degrees to the format of a publication. This is done to achieve a visual impact to provide a better way to handle text elements in the format of the publication as numerical tables, for example. The strict definition of the word is any rectangular object whose base is greater than its height.
APEX: Point formed in the top of a character with "A" where the horns join left and right.
APOSTROPHE: typographical sign indicating the elision of a letter or number. It is also used to indicate feet and inches, hours and minutes. Apostrophes should not be confused with the quotes, which are look similar but are curved to enclose the text they surround.
APPROPRIATION: Take style and apply it to something else.
ART DECO: Named for the Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs et Industriels MODERN 1925 "held in Paris, the Art Deco style describes a decorative design that celebrated the rise of technology and speed through geometric designs, bright colors and the use of plastic and glass. Forms are stylized as they best understand the principles of aerodynamics, which resulted in an elegant style applied to architecture and objects.
ART NOUVEAU: Rooted in romanticism and symbolism, Art Nouveau (New Art) describes a style of decoration, architecture and art with many ornaments evolved over the years 1894-1914. Art Nouveau is characterized by undulating lines, sinuous curves and the representation of leaves, flowers and vines. Some exponents are Gustav Klimt, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Antonio Gaudi, Hector Guimard, architect and designer of the Paris metro tickets. Call
Jugendstil (Germany) Sezessionstil (Austria) and Modernism (Spain), the art nouveau rejected the historical references in favor of creating a highly stylized design vocabulary to unify the arts around the man and life. The architecture was the center of Art Nouveau, as it encompasses and integrates naturally all the arts, but the style was also used extensively in the design of posters and jewelry.
MODERN ART: The industrialization and urbanization of western society, through the movements of cubism, surrealism and Dada, shaped the modern art (1890-1940). Modern art, along with the movements of De Stijil, Constructivism and the Bauhaus, had left the dominant zeitgeist of the Victorian era, rejecting the values \u200b\u200band styles in favor of cosmopolitanism.
functionality and progress expressed in the maxim "form follows function" became major concerns in the attempt to go beyond the physical representation of reality through experimentation to trying to define what should be considered modern.
In graphic design, modern art meant an asymmetrical approach to the layout with strict adherence to the grid, an emphasis on white space and typography without end, and the absence of ornaments and decorations.
ASYMMETRY: Grid used for the layout of the page that is equal in front and back pages. Asymmetric grids tend to have more room on one side of the page, usually the left, as in this example. The extra margin space can be used for notes and footnotes.
ASCENDETE AND POLES DOWN: Parts of the letter that protrude above the height of the x (up) and below the baseline (descending).
RELIEF: Design printed on a substrate without ink or laminations, to get a depression.
BEARD: The irregular edge of paper left when exiting the papermaking machine. Whiskers can be used to achieve a decorative detail on the books if not cut. The machine-made paper has two sides with beards, while the handmade paper presents 4 sides. It is possible to mimic the effect, tearing the edge of the paper by hand
VARNISH: liquid lacquer or plastic coating added to a printed piece after the last pass of ink to improve their appearance, texture or durability by sealing the surface. The varnish can give a glossy, satin or matte and can be some tone to add color. The varnish can be applied online or wet as a fifth or sixth color when printing on a layer of wet ink. When the ink and the varnish is dry, stick the paper together, which reduces the impact of the varnish. The paint was applied to the coating machine as a separate pass with the ink dry, resulting in increased brightness, as the paper absorbs less paint.
UV VARNISH WITH RESERVATION: The reservation applies varnish to a separate printing plate, so it can be used to highlight specific areas of a design.
Bauhaus School of Art and Design opened in 1919 under the direction of famous architect Walter Gropius, the Bauhaus objective was to provide a bottle approach to the design after the First World War. The Bauhaus style is characterized by geometric forms and economic. Some of his teachers were Paul Xiee, Wassily Kandinsky and Marcel Breuer.
WHITE INTERNAL: Internal space of a point total or partially closed. Also called contrapunzón. In the letter "g", the loop created in the low-down box is called a grommet.
Exquisite Corpse: From the French "stiff skis." Surrealist technique that uses the random and chance in the creation of text or images.
CALDERON: typographical sign used to mark the different paragraphs. The cauldron in the middle ages appeared to mark a new line of thinking in a text before adopting the common practice of creating different separate paragraphs. CALIBRE
: Thickness of paper or foil used in printing. The size of a paper affects the appearance of the publication, although this does not always imply a precise relationship with the weight of it. A heavy gauge paper can add a solid feel to the publication, while a more reduced size paper will add a more delicate point. Overall, the papers small-caliber tend to weigh less than high caliber papers, but papers have been developed to achieve volume without adding weight.
CALLIGRAPHY: Art of writing by hand, generally parallel lines with different line thicknesses, which is achieved using a pen or brush. It can also refer to the writing styles and highly stylized art. Font Many try to imitate the calligraphic style, but none achieved the same effect of authentic hand-written lyrics true
STREETS: Blanks displayed on successive lines of justified text block when the separation of words produced empty, there where these blank line, you create a road or path through the text. CAMEL
CASE: Using capital letters in compound words instead of using spaces or hyphens. It is named for its resemblance to the back of a camel. Commonly used in trade marks The most obvious example in graphic design and printing is the term PostScript.
CHANNELS: grayscale information representing each of the colors of the RGB and CMYK systems. Each color is represented by a separate channel that can be modified, replaced or removed separately. RGB images have three channels, have 4-channel CMYK.
CHARACTERS
STORIES: uppercase letters in general, with decorative calligraphy extended or exaggerated.
WATERFALL COLORS: The colors cascade describes the pages of a publication that is printed with a special varnish or color, as shown by color coding in the plan of taxation. You can show the use of different types of paper in the plan of imposing the same way.
CIRCLE COLOR: circular representation of the color spectrum. The circle of colors helps to explain the relationship between different colors in color theory. The circle of colors also illustrates the color classification and provides a quick reference to primary colors, secondary and tertiary, which can help a designer to choose color schemes successfully functional. CLARENDON
: Slab Serif font type, which appeared in Britain in 1820. The Clarendon is characterized by timeless forms, objective and clear, and being visible in small point sizes.
type classification: It is the means to group the multitude of existing fonts based on their common features to aid identification.
Some of these classifications are: Gothic, Roman, Paloseco, Calligraphy, Graphics.
CMYK: Cyan (C), Magenta (M) Yellow (Y) Black (K) are the subtractive primary ink that combine to reproduce the additive primaries, red, green and blue, in the printing process Process.
COGNITION: assimilation, interpretation and knowledge based on what is perceived, learned or reasoned. The cognitive interpretation of an image depends on how it is presented. In a designated level, all images have a single intention, however, our interpretation of the image changes, when you modify the image presentation
collages: Technical building image characterized by the combination of paper, textiles, photographs and other unusual materials and surprising forms. The collage was made popular by George Braque and Pablo Picasso in the early twentieth century.
COLOR: visible light with different wavelengths. Graphic designers complete this definition color using the three characteristics that can be controlled and manipulated: hue, saturation and brightness.
A BLOOD COLOR: The color that extends beyond the limits of the printed piece, when the color spills over the sides of the site is visible from the outside edge of the post (similar to publication of court, but not its intensity). As such, the bleed may be a useful way of applying a color-code sections of a publication when the use of different roles is not a visible option.
COLOR DOMINANT AND SUBORDINATE: In a composition, the dominant color is one that attracts attention and contrasts greatly with the accent color, while color plays a role subordinate to balance and support. Often the schemes are selected using the colored circles.
SPECIAL COLORS: Solid color with a hue and saturation that can not reproduce the colors of CMYK cuatritomia. The colors include metallic, fluorescent, pastel or Pantone colors (PMS) and usually applied with a separate additional printing plate during the printing process cuatritomia.
TERTIARY COLORS: Colors produced by the combination of a secondary color with a primary color that is not present in the secondary color. Creating a tertiary color equivalent subtractive primary colors to mix in ratios of 2:1 or 1:2.
ColumnN: Area or area of \u200b\u200bthe layout of a page along which the text. COMPOSITION
HOT: The process of printing in which lines melt rate in metal molds before printing. The hot composition allowed the creation of large amounts of relatively cheap rates and use a lot in the newspaper industry. It has now become obsolete by computer technology. COMPOSITION
BROKEN: Appearance of the right margin of a block of text is not justified. The composition is broken due to the inequality of lines of text to not use hyphenation.
inequality is evident when the spaces are exaggerated because of the long words, or when the text takes form as the successive lines of text is approaching the end of a paragraph. You can control this effect by adjusting the spacing between characters and words.
CONSTRUCTIVISM: contemporary art movement originated in Moscow around 1920. Constructivism is characterized by the use of industrial materials such as glass, metal and plastic sheets to build industrial objects of geometric non-figurative, and their commitment to total abstraction. Russian Constructivism influenced by modern art through his use of typography without end in red or black, often asymmetrical blocks provisions, some representatives of this movement are: Wassili Kandinsky, Alexander Rodchenko and El Lissitzky.
CONTINUITY: Implicit uninterrupted connection between a particular group of objects, or objects that are part of a collective whole. The visual continuity means that the image elements are grouped and presented in a way that shows that there is a connection between them or that are representative of the same values. The continuity be achieved through the use of colors and numbers, as shown in the image above.
lamination: The process by which two different materials come together to produce a substrate of a different color on each side, can be achieved auque lamination effect of duplex printing (printing on both sides of paper). The final result has the same quality of color, that if use different colored papers. Using a cotracolado also allows a role even more than the standard roles
CRACK BACK: Adhesive coated paper which has made a superficial cut with a die to be easily separated from the base stickers. The crack back is used for the production of stickers
CROMA: Change color of the tonal brightness of any color to pure color. The chroma or saturation is the strength, purity or relative amount of gray tone.
CRUZ: One of the five typographic symbols used to indicate a footnote on page. There is a set order to the order of these signs, and the cross is the second of the sequence. When you have used the five symbols of the hierarchy of footnotes, can be bent to indicate additional footnotes.
quadtones: final image produced by the three subtractive primary colors and black. Essentially a tonal image is like a black and white photography, in which whites have been replaced by other colors cuatritomía or a combination thereof. Duotones use two tones, tritone using three tones, and cuatritonos use four tones.
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